The growing demand for affordable mobile broadband connectivity is driving the development of Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets). A range of Radio Access Technologies (RATs) and Wi-Fi will co-exist, while macrocell networks will be complemented by small cells, such as femtocells, picocells and microcells, as well as Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS).

With around 80 percent of all mobile broadband traffic being consumed inside buildings, operators have an opportunity to win new revenue by delivering fast and seamless indoor connectivity.

There are multiple deployment options for providing indoor mobile broadband:

• The first step is to maximize indoor mobile broadband coverage via existing macro base stations
• Outdoor small cells can be deployed to increase outdoor macro capacity and coverage for busy areas, such as city center shopping streets
• High value locations can be cost-effectively addressed by deploying indoor small cells in congested network areas, such as apartment complexes, office blocks, train stations, shopping malls, stadiums, exhibition centers and airports
• Indoor small cells provide the lowest Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) for coverage and capacity in indoor hot spots in enterprises and public buildings.

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